The Economist explains

What full employment really means

Why some economists worry when unemployment gets too low

By R.A. | WASHINGTON, DC

IN 1977 America's government gave the Federal Reserve what seems like a straightforward goal: maximum employment. Janet Yellen, the current chairman of the Fed, thinks America is pretty close; at 4.7%, the unemployment rate is quite low by historical standards. But firms continue to hire, and American adults, of whom only about 69% have a job, seem less than maximally employed. Most governments set themselves or their central banks a guideline of full or maximum employment. But what exactly counts as full?

More from The Economist explains

Who are the Druze, the victims of a deadly strike on Israel?

The religious minority has often been caught up in regional crossfire in the Middle East

Myanmar’s rapidly changing civil war, in maps and charts

Ethnic militias and pro-democracy groups are scoring victories against the governing junta


Who will be Kamala Harris’s running-mate?

She is reportedly vetting a dozen options. These are the top three


Why have so few American presidents been from the West?

Kamala Harris’s nomination would be a milestone for the region

Why the Olympics still has a doping problem

Cheating with drugs has again become an organised affair

Why some Russian athletes will be eligible to compete at the Paris Olympics

Despite antipathy between the Russian government and the International Olympic Committee a handful will compete